Viktor Frankl, M.D., Ph.D. (1905-1997) was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist as well as a Holocaust survivor.
Frankl was the founder of logotherapy, which is a form of existential analysis, the "Third Viennese School of Psychotherapy".
His best-selling book, Man's Search for Meaning (published under a different title in 1959: From Death-Camp to Existentialism, and originally published in 1946 as Trotzdem Ja Zum Leben Sagen: Ein Psychologe erlebt das Konzentrationslager), chronicles his experiences as a concentration camp inmate which led him to discover the importance of finding meaning in all forms of existence, even the most sordid ones, and thus a reason to continue living.
Frankl became one of the key figures in existential therapy and a prominent source of inspiration for humanistic psychologists.
He resided at Harvard University (1961), and at my alma mater Southern Methodist University, Dallas (1966).
Wikipedia entry on Logotherapy:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotherapy
